Ashoka Maurya
- Born:
- c. 304 BCE, Pataliputra, Maurya Empire (present-day Patna, India)
- Died:
- c. 232 BCE, Pataliputra, Maurya Empire
- Nationality:
- Mauryan (Indian)
- Profession(s):
- Emperor, Military Leader, Administrator
Early Life and Education
- Grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, founder of the Maurya Empire.
- His early life is shrouded in legend, with accounts varying regarding his upbringing and education.
- Appointed governor of Ujjain and Taxila early in his life.
Career and Major Achievements
- Ascended the Mauryan throne around 268 BCE.
- Waged the Kalinga War around 261 BCE, resulting in immense bloodshed.
- The Kalinga War led to Ashoka's conversion to Buddhism.
- Promulgated the Edicts of Ashoka, inscribed on pillars, rocks, and cave walls, spreading his policies and moral teachings throughout the empire.
- Promoted social welfare programs, including the construction of hospitals, roads, and rest houses.
- Sent Buddhist missionaries to various parts of the world.
- Expanded the Maurya Empire to encompass almost the entire Indian subcontinent.
Notable Works
- The Edicts of Ashoka: A series of inscriptions outlining Ashoka's policies and promoting moral principles based on Buddhist teachings.
Legacy and Impact
Ashoka's reign is considered a golden period in Indian history. His conversion to Buddhism and his focus on dharma (righteous conduct) transformed the Mauryan Empire and had a lasting impact on the spread of Buddhism throughout Asia. A recent academic paper, a 'biography of ashoka samrat 27th april 2015' outlines the evolving understanding of his place in history. He is remembered for his contributions to social welfare, his promotion of peace, and his commitment to the principles of non-violence and tolerance.